The main technical parameters of the dump truck are the loading weight, and the loading capacity is indicated. The new truck or the overhauled vehicle must be tested to make the lifting process of the vehicle stable without moving in a series. When using, each part should choose the correct lubricating oil according to the provisions, greatly saving the unloading time and labor, pay attention to the lubrication cycle, and the lifting mechanism should strictly replace the oil on schedule. Shipment according to rated loading capacity. Overloading is strictly prohibited.

Classification of dump trailers

1. According to the bearing capacity of chassis, it can be divided into light dump trailer series, medium ton series dump trailer and large tonnage series dump trailer.

2. According to the driving form, it can be divided into single bridge dump, double bridge dump, the first four and the back eight dump, the first four and the back ten and other different series models.

3. According to different unloading hydraulic lifting mechanism, it can be divided into single top dump and double top dump.

dump trailer carriage

4. According to the mainstream market segment of the industry is divided into two types of highway type and engineering type, and the highway type is divided into standard version and heavy-haul version according to the load capacity and transportation demand, and the engineering type is divided into urban construction version and mining version according to the load capacity and transportation area.

 Highway type: engaged in coal transport, sand and stone transport, ore transport, etc.

(1) Standard version: local control is relatively strict, light leather weighing household, mainly used for transporting coal, sand and stone materials.

(2) heavy-load version: local overcontrol and relatively loose door, mainly used for transporting sand and stone materials, ore transport, etc.

Engineering type: engaged in construction dregs transportation, mineral resources development and transportation, etc.

(1) Urban construction version: local laws and regulations have clear requirements for products, mainly used for construction muck transportation, etc.

(2) Mine version: mine operation, used for the development and transportation of mineral resources.

Structure analysis of dump truck

Dump trailer is mainly composed of hydraulic dumping mechanism, carriage, frame and its accessories. The hydraulic dumping mechanism and carriage structure of each modification manufacturers are not the same, the following two aspects according to the type of carriage and lifting mechanism to explain the structure of the dump trailer.

dump trailer

1. Type of carriage

The type of carriage binding mechanism can be divided into: ordinary rectangular carriage and mine bucket carriage according to different uses.

Ordinary rectangular carriages are used for bulk cargo transport. The rear plate is equipped with automatic opening and closing mechanism to ensure the smooth discharge of the goods. The thickness of ordinary rectangular carriage plate is: front plate 4~6, side plate 4~8, back plate 5~8, bottom plate 6~12.

Mining bucket carriage is suitable for the transport of large granularity goods such as large stones. Considering the impact of goods, the design shape of the mining bucket trailer is more complex and the material is thicker. For example: mining bucket trailer standard configuration plate thickness is: the first 6 sides 6 bottom 10, and some models in the bottom plate welding some angle steel, in order to increase the stiffness and impact resistance of the trailer.

2. Lifting mechanism type

Lifting mechanism is the core of the dump trailer, is the first indicator to judge the merits of the dump trailer.

At present, the domestic common type of lifting mechanism is: F tripod magnifying lifting mechanism, T tripod magnifying lifting mechanism, double cylinder lifting, front lifting and double side turn.

Tripod amplification type lifting mechanism is the most widely used lifting method in China at present. It is suitable for carrying weight of 8~40 tons and length of carriage of 4.4~6 meters. The advantages are mature structure, stable lifting, low cost. The disadvantage is that the closure height of the plane between the bottom plate and the main frame is large.

6x4 dump truck

Double-cylinder lifting form is mostly used in 6X4 dump truck, is installed in the front of the second bridge on both sides of a multi-stage cylinder (generally 3~4 level), the hydraulic cylinder fulcrum directly acting on the bottom plate. The advantages of the double cylinder lift are that the closure height of the plane between the bottom plate and the main frame is small. The disadvantage is that the hydraulic system is difficult to guarantee the synchronization of the two hydraulic cylinders, the lift stability is poor, and the overall stiffness of the carriage bottom plate is higher.

The front roof lifting mode has the advantages of simple structure, small closing height on the plane between the carriage bottom plate and the main frame, good stability of the vehicle and small pressure of the hydraulic system, but the front maximum cylinder stroke is large and the cost is high.

The double-sided rollover hydraulic cylinder has good force and small stroke, which can realize the double-sided rollover. However, the hydraulic pipeline is more complex, and the accident rate of lift over is higher.

Dump trailer selection

With the development of the dump trailer truck and the improvement of the domestic purchase ability, the dump truck is not a universal dump truck that traditional sense of whatever it can do, from the design point of view is also according to different goods, different working conditions, different areas to develop different products. This requires users to purchase vehicles to provide specific use of the manufacturer.

1. The chassis

When choosing chassis, it is to press economic benefit to consider commonly, for instance: the price of chassis, load quality, overload capacity, 100 kilometers of fuel consumption, road maintenance cost. In addition, users should also consider the following parameters of the chassis:

① Elevation of plane above ground on chassis frame. General 6X4 chassis frame plane height from the ground is 1050~1200cm. The larger the value, the higher the vehicle's center of gravity, the easier it is to cause a rollover. The main factors affecting this value are tire diameter, suspension arrangement and main frame section height.

② Chassis rear suspension. This value is too high to affect the stability of the dump truck and cause the overturning accident. This value is generally between 500-1100cm (except for drop side dump trailers).

③ The vehicle match is reasonable and reliable.

drop side dump trailer

2. Body shape of dump trailer

When choosing the dump truck, it is equally important to choose the manufacturer than to choose the product. In addition to the product, but also to understand the regular manufacturer's equipment capacity, the design of the dump truck, process equipment is mature, after-sales service commitment, whether the accessories can be bought, etc.

What should be paid attention to in the use of the dump trailer

1. Safe operation points

① During the trailer washing, maintenance and grease filling operation, should lift the carriage, and make the support rod and safety pin fixed box.

② In oil change and disassembly of lifting pump, oil pipe and other operations, should use special tools, such as oil change device and oil pipe disassembly device.

③ When the above operation is carried out, the wheel must be brake by hand, and a stop plate must be added at the front and rear wheels.

④ In the maintenance factory for professional maintenance, the application of the crane to the top of the box hanging (lifting state).

⑤ When the dump trailer is overturned, people must not enter the trailer carriage below.

⑥ In the exclusion of water and goods in the carriage, people must not enter the carriage below.

⑦ No driving is allowed when the trunk is lifted open.

Before driving, be sure to check and make sure the trunk is in a safe state.

2. Safety measures

① Goods on the carriage should be evenly distributed as far as possible to avoid axle overload.

② When loading, try to make the goods from the nearest into the truck.

③ When the force adapter is engaged, the clutch pedal should be stepped first to avoid impact damage when the gear meshing.

④ When connecting the power output shaft, do not drive.

⑤ The loaded cartons should avoid rapid descent and sudden stop.

⑥ To avoid tipping over the trailer carriage on the uneven ground or soft ground, not to tip over the carriage on the left and right tilting ground.

⑦ When dumping large materials, the fence should be removed.

⑧ When driving, the gas-operated valve handle should be reliably locked in the "stop" position, to ensure that the force extractor is off, to prevent the operation of the oil pump and lead to the trailer carriage lifting.

⑨ If the hydraulic system does not work for a long time, when it is used again, it should be run in the no-load condition for 15min(at this time, the dump trailer carriage is lifted to the maximum Angle), and then slowly lift it several times to see whether all parts are normal.