In the actual transportation life, many drivers will think of a large amount of semi-trailer, semi-trailer seems to have become synonymous with the trailer, in fact, there are many kinds of trailer, semi-trailer is just one of the trailers, the more common trailer there are three main kinds, respectively semi-trailer, full trailer, central axle trailer, Here is a brief introduction of these trailers and their rise and fall.

⚫ The number of main semi-trailers is the largest today

First of all, let's talk about the more common semi trailer, first understand the definition of the semi trailer: semi trailer by tractor traction and a large part of the maximum total mass of the trailer by the tractor, the trailer itself has no power, need to be borne by the main truck weight, rely on the main truck for traction.

Semi-trailer is the most commonly used, is also the most familiar with a trailer, there are many kinds of semi-trailer, flatbed trailer, gooseneck trailer, warehouse bar trailer and all kinds of special semi-trailer, almost covering the current more commonly used models. Because of the flexible application and large bearing capacity of semi-trailer, it is deeply loved by the transportation market. Transportation users prefer semi-trailer when choosing trailers.

In 1995, the state issued the "Highway Management Measures", which stipulates that the full trailer shall not be allowed to run at high speed, and the full trailer is restricted. The target of users' truck purchase is transferred to the semi-trailer, which makes the number of semi-trailers increase day by day in the following days. It can be said that the development of semi-trailers has been rapid development in the recent 20 years. At present, the semi-trailer has now become the main force of transportation, which can be seen in the road and parking lot. It carries a large number of goods every year and serves the economic construction throughout the country.

⚫ Full trailers, once the glory, are now in decline

Full trailer, very well understood in the literal, the load of the whole truck is borne by the trailer itself, and the main vehicle is only connected with the hook. The main vehicle does not need to bear the load of the trailer, but only provides power to realize the traction and steering of the full trailer.

Before the reform and opening up, car production was low, and there were only a few domestic enterprises that could produce trucks. Moreover, the speed of trucks was low and the flux of goods in circulation was relatively small, so the demand for semi-trailers in the transportation market was not very much. The main road was liberated CA10, dongfeng 140 models, these models of bearing capacity is limited, in order to increase the transport capacity, they have a trailer tail are designed full trailer towing hook, you can drag hang full trailer to increase capacity, and a full trailer manufacturing cost is lower, so appear a large number of full trailer before reform and opening up.

Due to the limitations of vehicle technology in those days, the trailer is prone to tail rejection and poor linear performance in high-speed driving. The implementation of the "Highway management Measures" in 1995 stipulates that the full trailer shall not enter the highway, and long-distance transportation is mainly driven by the highway, this provision makes the prevailing full trailer began to decline, up to now, only in individual areas to see the figure of the full trailer.

With the progress of automobile technology, some defects of full trailer can be solved by ABS, ESP and other technical means. The Ministry of Transportation has carried out a pilot operation of fully tractor-trailer truck trains in some areas, and we seem to see some information about the lifting of the ban on fully tractor-trailer high-speed trains in the future. Once the ban is lifted, the development of fully tractor-trailer will welcome a new opportunity.

⚫ The future trend policy is favorable for the central axis

In the middle axle trailer, the main weight is borne by the trailer, the main car bears a small part of the weight of the trailer, and the traction and steering are completed by the main car. Its specific definition is: the traction device can not move vertically (relative to the trailer), the axle is located close to the center of gravity of the trailer (when uniform load). Only a small vertical load (not more than 10% of the trailer's maximum design total mass or 10000N, whichever is less) is applied to the tractor by the central-axle trailer.

In rear axle trailer in structure between semi-trailer with full trailer, the rear axle trailer with a low center of gravity, light weight, simple structure and other characteristics, widely used in Europe, also can be seen everywhere on the highway, the silk road rally held in Beijing's bird's nest collect ceremony, the author see Europe service are mostly axle trailer. The middle axle trailer in China should be more on the rv, some SUV trailer in the structure is the middle axle trailer.

The new VERSION OF GB1589 has been released, which stipulates that the total length limit of the truck train towing the mid-mounted axle trailer is 20 meters. Compared with the total length of 17.1 meters of the semi-trailer train, the freight capacity of the mid-mounted axle train is larger, which is more suitable for logistics users with light load and large cargo volume. Although the total length of the central-axle train is 20 meters, due to the structure, the passing capacity of turning is almost the same as that of semi-trailer. Therefore, it can be seen that the central-axle trailer will be a kind of trailer encouraged by the country in the future.

⚫ Afterwords

Trailer, the main type of road transportation, carries a large number of materials every year, People's Daily life can not leave the contribution of trailer. Whether it is now more popular semi-trailer, or once brilliant full trailer, as well as in the future will rise in the middle axle trailer, each trailer has its own advantages and disadvantages, the transportation needs of each era, created which kind of trailer brilliant.

Throughout Europe and the United States the development course of trailer, is expected in the China transportation market over a period of time semi-trailer will also is a dominant, but with the development of the logistics, the vehicle will be the development direction of logistics vehicles, once the vehicle is special, three kinds of trailer their advantages will be highlighted, so in the future, there will be semi-trailer, full trailer, the rear axle trailer three cent world situation.